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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00265_Field_265.txt
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1996-12-31
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Very recently Mary Peterson
at the University of Arizona and
her co-investigators have
provided compelling evidence
that past experience can
influence figure-ground
organization. Normally, as I
have noted, figure-ground
organization would occur first,
in a bottom-up direction, since
only then do specific shapes
arise. Following that, the shape
can be recognized (on the basis
of similarity to a memory) if it
is familiar. But PetersonΓÇÖs
research shows that great
familiarity can seemingly
determine that the familiar
region in an ambiguous figure-
ground pattern will be
perceived first and also
determine that it will be
perceived for a longer period of
time as one continues to look at
the pattern. In the illustration
at left, subjects tended to see
the half silhouette of a woman
when the figure was presented,
as you will probably also do. But
when the figure was inverted,
this did not occur, presumably
because in that orientation the
shape was not familiar. This
leaves us with the problem of
how the memory trace of a
womanΓÇÖs shape can affect the
figure-ground organization,
that is, with the problem of
how that trace is selected
before figure-ground
organization first creates the
shape to which the memory is
then matched as similar.